diff --git a/src/core/writer.js b/src/core/writer.js
index 212d78cf1..5b8c595f0 100644
--- a/src/core/writer.js
+++ b/src/core/writer.js
@@ -149,7 +149,9 @@ async function writeValue(value, buffer, transform) {
     // matrices (e.g. [0.000008 0 0 0.000008 0 0]).
     // The numbers must be "rounded" only when pdf.js is producing them and the
     // current transformation matrix is well known.
-    buffer.push(value.toString());
+    // toFixed(10) avoids scientific notation and rounds; the replace removes
+    // trailing zeros (and a trailing dot for integers).
+    buffer.push(value.toFixed(10).replace(/\.?0+$/, ""));
   } else if (typeof value === "boolean") {
     buffer.push(value.toString());
   } else if (value instanceof Dict) {
diff --git a/test/unit/writer_spec.js b/test/unit/writer_spec.js
index 394c74429..430659fd0 100644
--- a/test/unit/writer_spec.js
+++ b/test/unit/writer_spec.js
@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@
  */
 
 import { Dict, Name, Ref, RefSetCache } from "../../src/core/primitives.js";
-import { incrementalUpdate, writeDict } from "../../src/core/writer.js";
+import {
+  incrementalUpdate,
+  writeDict,
+  writeValue,
+} from "../../src/core/writer.js";
 import { bytesToString } from "../../src/shared/util.js";
 import { StringStream } from "../../src/core/stream.js";
 
@@ -259,6 +263,58 @@ describe("Writer", function () {
     });
   });
 
+  describe("writeValue numbers", function () {
+    async function serialize(value) {
+      const buffer = [];
+      await writeValue(value, buffer, null);
+      return buffer.join("");
+    }
+
+    it("should write integers unchanged", async function () {
+      expect(await serialize(0)).toEqual("0");
+      expect(await serialize(1)).toEqual("1");
+      expect(await serialize(-42)).toEqual("-42");
+      expect(await serialize(123456789)).toEqual("123456789");
+    });
+
+    it("should write normal floats without trailing zeros", async function () {
+      expect(await serialize(1.5)).toEqual("1.5");
+      expect(await serialize(-3.14)).toEqual("-3.14");
+      expect(await serialize(1.23001)).toEqual("1.23001");
+      // Trailing zeros must be stripped.
+      expect(await serialize(1.1)).toEqual("1.1");
+      expect(await serialize(2.0)).toEqual("2");
+    });
+
+    it("should not use scientific notation for very small numbers", async function () {
+      // JavaScript's toString() would produce e.g. "8e-6", which is invalid
+      // PDF.
+      expect(await serialize(0.000008)).toEqual("0.000008");
+      expect(await serialize(0.000001)).toEqual("0.000001");
+      expect(await serialize(0.0000001)).toEqual("0.0000001");
+      expect(await serialize(-0.000008)).toEqual("-0.000008");
+    });
+
+    it("should not use scientific notation for very large numbers", async function () {
+      // JavaScript produces scientific notation above ~1e21 but such values
+      // are unlikely in PDFs; values below that threshold must be plain.
+      expect(await serialize(1e10)).toEqual("10000000000");
+      expect(await serialize(1.5e6)).toEqual("1500000");
+    });
+
+    it("should round to at most 10 decimal places", async function () {
+      // 1/3 has infinite decimals; must be capped at 10 places.
+      const result = await serialize(1 / 3);
+      expect(result).toMatch(/^0\.\d{1,10}$/);
+      expect(result.replace("0.", "").length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(10);
+    });
+
+    it("should handle zero and negative zero", async function () {
+      expect(await serialize(0)).toEqual("0");
+      expect(await serialize(-0)).toEqual("0");
+    });
+  });
+
   it("should update a file with a deleted object", async function () {
     const originalData = new Uint8Array();
     const changes = new RefSetCache();